浙江及邻近地区蛇足石杉依存环境的初步研究

An Investigation on the Habitats of Huperzia serrata Populations in Zhejiang and Adjacent Area

摘要:

对浙江及邻近地区产的蛇足石杉(Huperzia serratct)7个种群的自然环境进行野外观察，测定了土壤含水量、电导率、有机质含量、pH值，植株和土壤中K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Na、A1、Pb、Cd 11种元素的含量，以及植株中石杉碱甲(HupA)含量。结果表明，蛇足石杉种群多分布于海拔350-1700m的山地密林下或沟谷阴湿土中，郁闭度、年均降雨量、空气相对湿度均较大：环境中土壤含水量为10％-30％，pH值4.57—5.31，电导率0.061—0.385 ms cm^-1，有机质含量6.18％-9.75％；蛇足石杉对K、Ca、Zn和Na的需要程度较高，对Pb、Cu、Cd3种重金属元素的富集能力较强，在人工栽培中应注意协调各元素的合理配给：蛇足石杉较适宜生长的环境条件为：土壤电导率以及pH值相对较低；郁闭度高，年均降雨量和空气相对湿度较大。基于土壤理化性质，对7个种群分布点进行除趋势对应分析，表明石杉碱甲含量高的磐安种群分布点具有特殊性，提示环境条件对蛇足石杉中HupA含量有较大的影响。

Abstract:

Natural environment of the growth of Huperzia serrata populations were investigated in Zhejiang and adjacent area．The water content，organic matter content，conductivity and pH in soils．and the content of K、Ca、 Mg、Fe、Zn、CU、Mn、Na、Al、Pb and Cd in soils and plants as well as the content of huperzine A in plants were determined． The results showed that Huperzia serrata mostly grew under closed forests or in ravine with wet soils at altitude 350-l 700 m，with over l 500 mm annual rainfall，78％ relative humidity，l 0％-30％ soil water content． 4.57-5.3l soil pH，0.06l-0.385 ms cm^-1 soil conductance．and 6.18％-9.75％ organic matter．This plant absorbed more K，Ca，Zn and Na than other elements，meanwhile，the accumulation level of Pb，Cu and Cd Was higll，to which more attention should be paid in cultivation. It is suggested that shady habitats with SHfficient rainfall and high relative humidity，and with soils of lower conductance，4.75-5.3l pH，are good for the cultivation of the plant． The scater plot produced using Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) based on the soil indices showed that the environm ental vailables for Pan’an population are distinctly difierent from those for the other sites，revealing the special environm ental conditions having some impacts on the huperzine A content in the plant．