木槿属植物染色体倍性与花粉粒、叶片气孔器性状的关系

The Characters of Pollen Grains and Stomatal Apparatus in Hibiscus L. in Relation to the Ploidy

摘要:

测定了木槿属植物裂瓣槿(Hibiscusschizopetalus(Masters)Hook. f.)、木芙蓉(H.mutabilisL.)和扶桑(H.rosa-sinensisL.)及扶桑的3个栽培变种重虹中玫槿(H.rosa-sinensisL. cv. Double Rainbow)、橙黄中玫槿(H.rosa-sinensisL. cv. Flavo-plenus)、洋红中玫槿(H.rosa-sinensisL. cv. Carminatus)的气孔器长度、宽度和保卫细胞叶绿体数目以及花粉粒大小。结果表明,气孔器长度、宽度和保卫细胞叶绿体数目以及花粉粒大小均与染色体数目和倍性存在正相关关系,可作为鉴定木槿属植物倍性的参考指标。扶桑及其3个栽培变种的花粉粒大小都有较大的变化范围,探讨了这种现象与木槿属植物多倍体起源的关系。

Abstract:

The length, width and the chloroplast numbers in stomatal apparatus, and the pollen sizes weremeasured of three species of genus Hibiscus (H. schizopetalus, H. mutabilis, H. rosa-sinensis) and three cultivars (H. rosa-sinensis L. cv. Double Rainbow, cv. Flavo-plenus, and cv. Carminatus). The characters of stomatal and pollen size are positively related with the chromosomal number and ploidy of these plants, which could be helpful for the ploidy determination of Hibiscus plants. However, the pollen size of these species and cultivars diverse greatly. The chromosome numbers and ploidy of hibiscus are discussed.