禾本科系统学与演化研究的进展

Advances in Systematics and Evolution of Gramineae

摘要:

综合近年来禾本科不同分支学科的研究进展,对当前禾本科研究的4个热点进行讨论:1.禾本科内不同阶元系统的种系发育研究方法,有传统的、实验的、历史的、分支的4种分析方法;2.性系统的演化,涉及自交亲和繁育方式的优势、偏离正常性比的发育模式、性别决定的分子生物学基础3个方面;3.花序演化的形态学、遗传学、发育形态学研究;4.禾本科的起源时间。总的看来,不同性状的数据比较和不同研究方法的综合已构成现代禾本科系统学研究的必然趋势,建立一个反映植物系统发育历史的分类是禾本科系统学研究的最终目标。

Abstract:

This paper reviews the progress of the studies on systematics and evolution of Gramineae. Four principal problems are embraced in the topics for current studies on Gramineae： 1. The phylogenetic relationships of the taxonomic hierarchy of Gramineae should be most significant in the formulation of a classification. We recognize four modes of phylogenetic analysis — traditional, experimental, historical, and cladistic methods. 2. The evolution of sex system is a central issue of evolutionary biology. Research directed toward three topics seems desirable： the relative advantages of self-compatiblity，the developmental models to encompass the signification departures from the normal sex ratio，and the control ofthe sex-form determination．3．The understanding of the mechanism of morphology ， genetics and inflorescence development provides insight into the inflorescence evolution．4．The origin times of the family and of its subdivisions maybeun certain until recent time． In conclusion，a phylogenetic classification of Gramineae is a long-term goal，thus the ultimate goal of most systematic studies is to provide insight into the evolutionary processes that underlie diversity.