福建省豆科植物根瘤菌资源的初步调查

An Investigation on Rhizobial Resources of Legumes in Fujian Province

摘要:

对福建省境内(除东北部少数地区外)的29个县(市)豆科植物根瘤菌资源进行了调查,共采集到36属63种豆科植物的根瘤样品278份,在豆科栽培作物方面有一定代表性。采集到的根瘤形态多样,大小多在1-10 mm之间,以淡黄和淡红色居多。对32种51份根瘤样品用乙炔还原法进行了固氮酶活性测定,不同种和同一种植物在不同生境下的固氮酶活性均有差异,多数根瘤样品的固氮酶活性在1-24 μmol C₂H₄ g^-1 fresh nodule h^-1之间,其中尖叶长柄山蚂蝗(Podocarpiumpodocarpumvar.oxyphyllum)的固氮酶活性相对最高,达87.29 μmol C₂H₄ g^-1 fresh nodule h^-1。从采集到的根瘤中经分离纯化获得了228株根瘤菌,其中155株根瘤菌进行了原寄主回接试验,有138株结瘤,回接成功率为89.0%。调查结果显示福建省有丰富的豆科固氮及其根瘤菌资源。

Abstract:

Rhizobium resources of legumes were investigated in 29 counties in Fujian Province. Two hundred and seventy-eight nodule samples belonging to 63 legume species in 36 genera were collected. Root nodules are diverse in morphology and light yellow or pink in colors, and the size of root nodules ranging from 1 to 10 mm in the general condition. Nitrogenase activities in nodules measured by acetylene reduction method were 1 to 24 μmol C₂H₄ g^-1 fresh nodule h^-1 for most nodule samples,the highest being 87.2929 μ mol C₂H₄ g^-1 fresh nodule h^-1 in species Podocarpium podocarpum var. oxyphyllum. There were 228 rhizobial strains isolated from nodule samples, 155 strains of which were reinoculated to the corresponding host legumes, and 138 strains were nodulated , the nodulation rate being 89.0%.