广东省珠江三角洲城市森林抗火树种筛选研究

The Selection of Forest-fire Resistant Species in Urban Forestry in Pearl River Delta

摘要:

在广东省珠江三角洲地区(火烧迹地和污染区、公园、风景区、村旁风景林等不同类型区林地)进行城市林业抗火树种的筛选研究,对所调查的52个树种进行含水率、粗脂肪含量、粗灰分含量以及对其中的6个树种的燃烧热值作了测定。结果表明:同时满足含水率≥40%、粗脂肪含量≤20‰以及粗灰分含量≥5%三个条件的有16个树种(铁冬青、假苹婆、细叶榕、腺叶野樱、红桂木、多花山竹子、半枫荷、牛矢果、朴树、秋枫、白颜、枫香、麻楝、阿丁枫、蝴蝶果、吊瓜木),可初步肯定这些树种具有较高的抗火性。其中白颜树、枫香、秋枫、麻楝、吊瓜木、蝴蝶果6个树种的燃烧热值比较低,均比木荷低,具有较高的抗火性,可作为城市林业生物防火推荐树种。

Abstract:

Based on pollution tolerant tree species growing in the areas of Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province, the stem, branch, bark and leaves of 52 species were used to determine the contents of moisture, crude fat, crude ash and caloric value for the selection of fire resistant trees. Species with moisture content ≥40%, crude fat ≤20‰ and crude ash ≥5% are considered to be fire resistant species, viz, Ilex rotunda, Sterculia anceolata, Ficus microcarpa, Prunus phaeosticta, Artocarpus nitidus subsp. lingnaensis, Garcinia multflora, Semiliquidamobar cathayensis, Osmanthus matsumuranus, Cettis tetrandra, Bischofia javanica, Gironniera subaequalis, Liquidambar formosnana, Chukrasia tabularia, Altingia chinensis, Cleidiocarpon cavdleriei, and Kigelia pinnata. Among the above-mentioned species, the first six had caloric value lower than Schima superba (control). It is suggested that these 6 species are most fire -resistant plants for urban forestry in the regions.