广东古兜山自然保护区蕨类植物群落的特征

The Characteristics of Fern Community in Gudoushan Nature Reserve,Guangdong

摘要:

通过对广东新会古兜山自然保护区中108个5 m ×5 m的蕨类植物样方调查,初步分析了样方中蕨类植物的种类组成和区系特点及种群的多度、频度、重要值、蕨类的生长型、叶的性质和群落的外貌、季相等群落学特征。结果表明:(1)古兜山自然保护区的蕨类植物种类具有典型的南亚热带植物区系特点,热带亚洲植物区系成分对古兜山蕨类植物区系有强烈影响；(2)由于蕨类植物种群的随机分布和环境因子的异质性,种群的多度和重要值分布表现出明显的正态分布规律；(3)样方中蕨类植物的形态外貌、叶的性质及其群落的外貌和季相均表现出典型的南亚热带蕨类植物群落特征；古兜山自然保护区的蕨类植物可划分为花篮状蕨类、树蕨类、匍匐类、攀援类、附生类5种生长型类型。

Abstract:

Fern flora was surveyed by selecting 108 sample plots with 5m×5m each in Gudoushan Nature Reserve of Xinhui City, Guangdong Province. Fifty-seven fern species in 41 genera of 22 families were recorded, which made up 60% of total fern species in the Reserve. Relative abundance, relative coverage, and relative frequency of fern species were calculated for getting the importance value for each species in the community. Physiognomical life form, leaf characteristics, and seasonal aspect of the community were also investigated. It is concluded that the dominant ferns are of tropical Asia elements. Due to random distribution of the population and heterogeneous habitat, species that are rare or with high relative abundance constitute only a small proportion. Five growth forms of pteridophytes, viz, basket, dendroid, creeping, climbing, and epiphytic forms are classified.