粳稻与几个广亲和品种杂交F1的花药培养效果

The Effects of Anther Culture of Rice in Hybrids F1 from Japonica Crossed with Wide Compatibility Varieties

摘要:

对粳稻品种秋光与几个广亲和品种及对照品种秋光的杂种FF₁进行花药培养,并对其中的一个组合所产生的白化苗做了PCR分析。结果表明:(1)秋光是一个培养力很高的品种,以秋光作为母本的粳/籼交组合的花药培养可以得到较高的培养力(绿苗率与愈伤组织诱导率的乘积);(2)在供试的杂交组合中,培养力高低的一般趋势是:粳(籼)广亲和/籼(粳)广亲和>粳/广亲和>粳>粳/粳>粳/籼;(3)与普通籼粳交相比,由于广亲和品种的参与提高了杂种F1的绿苗分化率,降低了白苗率;出愈率、分化率及培养力与出愈速度并无直接关系,选择适合的培养基并及时将愈伤组织转移到分化培养基上进行分化是提高花药培养的分化率和培养力的重要保证;(4)混生(或嵌合体)白化苗的形成是在分化初期愈伤组织发生遗传变异的结果,这种变异一经发生,无法用再分化的方法诱导绿苗的形成。

Abstract:

Hybrids F₁ from japonica variety Akihikari crossed with several wide compatibility varieties, and with some irwlica Varieties were used for anther culture on N₆and SK₃ media to compare callus induction rate， green and abbino shoots and the culture efficiency in these F₁S with those in Akihikari． The result showed that the anthers of variety Akihikari cultured on N₆ or SK₃ media had callusing rate 86.44％ and 66％ ,green shoot rate 23.1％ and 16.8％ ，and culture emciency 20.0％ and l1.1％ ， respectively, whereas anthers of hybrid F₁ from Akihikari crosses were more effective on SK₃ medium for induction and differentiation, suggesting that SK₃ was a suitable medium for anther culture 0f japonica with indica rices ． It is concluded that japonica Akihikari is a variety with high efficiency in anther culture． The culture efficiency was in the order：japonica(indica) WCV ×indica(japonica)WCV>japonica×WCV>japonica>japonica×japonica>japonica×indica. Callus velocity had no direct relation with callusing rate,green shoot rate, and anther culture efficiency. PCR analysis showed, albino or mixed albino shoots resulted from genetic varietion at first stage of callusing．