美国甜糯玉米引种观察初报

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION ON THE GROWTH OF INTRODUCED SWEET-GLUTINOUS MAIZE IN GUA NGZHOU

摘要:

报道了3个美国甜糯玉米(Zea mays L.)品种在广州种植的性状表现情况,对其生长发育规律和适应性进行了调查,并就它们的进一步选育和利用作出了评价和分析。结果表明所引进的3个甜糯玉米品种能较好地适应广州地区高温高湿的气候条件,无检疫性病虫害,抗倒性能强,品质优良。品种Early Sunglow生育期短,较对照种超甜9501提前18 d 收获鲜穗,但产量比对照低21.2%; Kandy Corn与 Peaches & Cream从播种至收获鲜苞所需时间比超甜9501早14 d,但鲜穗产量分别比对照低15.9%和17.9%。我们认为所引进的3个甜糯玉米品种是值得进一步选育利用的优异种质资源,可作育种的基础材料或进行遗传改良, 可望选育出适合广东省及华南地区种植的优良甜糯玉米新品种。

Abstract:

An investigation on some growth characteristics of three varieties of sweet-glutinous maize (Zea mays L)(cv．Kandy Corn，Early Sunglow，and Peaches＆ Cream) introduced from U.S.A. was made in cropping season in 1999 at the experiment field of South China Institute of Botany in Guangzhou. All the varieties observed could well adapt to the climate conditions with high temperature and high moisture in Guangzhou，and could resist to lodging．No diseases and pests were found．Of the 3 varieties Early Sunglow had growth-duration of 76 days from sowing to harvesting，which was 18 days earlier than supersweet 9501 (Control), but the yield was lower by 21.2％ than the control；The duration from sowing to harvesting for Kandy Corn and Peaches ＆ Cream were two weeks shotter than that for control, but the fresh ear yield was respectively lower by 15.9％ and 17.9％ than control. It is suggested that the three varieties would be elite germplasm for maize breeding in Guangdong or South China．