木槿属几种植物的染色体数目及其倍性的研究

CHROMOSOME NUMBERS AND PLOIDY OF SEVERAL PLANTS IN HIBISCUS L.

摘要:

采用去壁低渗火焰干燥法进行染色体制片分析了木槿属Hibiscus植物裂瓣槿H.schizopetalus(Masters)Hook.f.)、木芙蓉H.mutabilisL.以及扶桑H.rosasinensisL.4个栽培变种的染色体数目。结果表明裂瓣槿染色体数目为2n=42木芙蓉2n=92扶桑2n=84重虹中玫槿2n=105;橙黄中玫槿2n=138;洋红中玫槿2n=147。裂瓣槿、扶桑、重虹中玫槿、洋红中玫槿之间存在倍性关系,其染色体基数为x=21。通过对植物形态特征以及染色体数目的观察分析推测红色中玫槿可能为洋红中玫槿和裂瓣槿的杂交种。

Abstract:

Root-tip metaphase chromosome numbers of 6 taxa of Hibiscus were investigated by wall degradation hypotonic staining method. Chromosome numbers for H. schizopetalus (Masters) Hook.f.(2n=42), H. mutabilis L.(2n=92), H. rosa-sinensis L.(2n=84), H. rosa-sinensis cv. Double Rainbow (2n=105), H. rosa-sinensis cv. Flavo-plenus (2n=138) and H. rosa-sinensis cv. Carminatus (2n=147) arereported. It is shown that the ploidy relationship exists among them except cv. Flavo-plenus, the basic chromosome number being x=21. From the observation on chromosome numbers and morphological characters， H H. rosa-sinensis L. is thought to be a hybrid which arose from cv．Carminatus and H. schizopetalus．