番荔枝科10种植物叶表皮结构的研究

LEAF EPIDERMAL STRUCTURE IN10SPECIES OF ANNONACEAE

摘要:

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜,对番荔枝科10种植物的叶表皮结构进行了观察。结果如下:表皮细胞近等径多角形或不规则形,垂周壁直、弧形、浅波状、波状或深波状。瓜馥木和香港瓜馥木叶片远轴面表皮细胞平周壁形成乳突。有的植物表皮细胞内具棱晶或晶簇。气孔器全部为平列型,具2-6个副卫细胞,除鹰爪花近轴面、远轴面均具气孔器外,其它9种植物的气孔器仅分布在远轴面,有的植物还具有双气孔器或败育的气孔器类型。除圆滑番荔枝外,其它9种的表皮均具表皮毛。表皮毛有单细胞毛、单列多细胞毛、2列多细胞毛、棍棒状毛和星状毛等类型。研究结果表明,10种植物的表皮细胞形状,垂周壁的式样,平周壁是否具乳突,表皮细胞内晶体的有无及其类型,近轴面是否具气孔器,表皮毛的类型等方面存在着种间差异,这些特征可以作为种间甚至属间分类和系统关系探讨的依据。

Abstract:

With the help of LM and SEM, leaf epidermal structure was studied in l0 species of Annonaceae．Epidermal cells of them are polygonal and nearly isodiametric or irregular in outline with straight, arched，sinuolate， undulate or sinuate anticlinal walls．In Fissistigma oldhami and F. uonicum，the outer periclinal walls of abaxial epidermal cells are papillate．Druses or prismatic crystals are found in some epidermal cells of some species． The stomata in 9 species are restricted to abaxial surface, only stomata in Artabotrys hexapetalus are distributed on both adaxial and abaxia1 sides．The mature stomata of 10 species are paracytic with 2-6 subsidiary cells． Contiguous and abortive stomata are also observed in some species．Simple unicellular ，umseriate of biserlate multicellular ，clavate and stellate (tufted) trichomes are present on different surfaces in 9 species except Annona glabra，the surfaces of which are glabrous． All characters of the leaf epiderm al structure as mentioned above are of significance in the identification of some taxa at specific or generic level， and in probing their systematic relationship．