柚品种的等位酶变异研究

ALLOZYME VARIATION IN POMELO [CITRUS GRANDIS(L.) OSBECK]

摘要:

研究了柚的48个品种的等位酶变异，利用等位酶分析技术对柚的酯酶（EST），6－磷酸葡萄糖异的酶（PGI），6－磷酸葡萄糖变位酶（PGM），莽草酸脱氢酶（SKD），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）共5个酶系统的10个等位酶基因座进行了分析，除PGI－1，PGI－2两个基因座外，其它8个均为多态性基因座；10个等位酶基因座共观察到的等位基因25个，平均每个基因座的有效等位基因数目为1.55，基因多样度0．2805，柚的品种间具有较为丰富的等位酶标记遗传多样性，但柚类种质资源群体总的遗传多样性水平偏低。柚的较低的有效等位基因数目与基因多样度可能由于人工选择及资源流失造成。

Abstract:

Allozyme variation was examined in 48 pomelo cultivars from the collection nursery of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Ten loci observed in 5 enzyme systems, Esterase (EST), Phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI), Phosphoglucomutase (PGM), Shikimate dehydrogenase (SKD), and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) were encoded by 25 alleles. Except for 2 loci of PGI, all other 8 loci were polymorphic. Effective number of alleles per locus was l.55, and the expected heterozygosity was 0.2805, Which were comparatively low． Pomelo culfivars are rich in aUozymic genetic diversity．Lower level of total germplasm diversity is probably due to a long history of artificial sdeetion and gene loss．