粳稻品种幼苗耐冷性比较研究

COMPARISON OF COLD TOLERANCE IN SEEDLINGS AMONG JAPONICA RICE VARIETIES

摘要:

利用人工模拟低温胁迫的方法,研究了3个日本粳稻品种日本晴、金南风和福光以及2个台湾粳稻品种台竹157、加南20的苗期耐冷性,并以当地推广高产籼稻品种特三矮2号作对照。从对株高、主茎叶片数、地上部干物重、死苗率等形态性状的调查和叶绿素含量、电解质外渗率等生理性状测定的结果显示,日本晴、金南风、福光和台竹157苗期的耐冷性较强,加南20的耐冷性较弱,但比特三矮2号的耐冷性略强。这为防止早稻烂秧死苗而开展耐冷育种提供新的耐冷基因源。

Abstract:

Cold tolerance in seedlings of 5 japonica rice varieties, of which 3 from Japan and 2 (Taizhu 157 and Jianan 20) from Taiwan, and 1 indica rice variety Tesan'ai 2, was studied in Phytotron with light intensity of 1000 and 2000 1x at average temperature of 8.5℃, relative humidity of 75%, and 12 hours of photoperiod per day. Rice seeds were sown in Guangzhou in December 1999. Twenty-day-old seedlings were put into phytotron for 9 days of treatment. The morphological and physiological characteristics, such as plant height，leaf number of main culm，dry weight of shoot， death percentage， chlorophyll content and electrolyte leakage rate were determined ．The results showed that japonica rice Nihonbare，Kinmaze, Fukuhikari and Taizhu 157 had greater tolerance to low temperature than Jianan 20 and indica rice Tesan'ai 2．The japonica rice varieties with cold tolerance will be good donors of cold-tolerant genes for improving indica rice varieties， which will be helpful for preventing the seedlings from cold injury in the early cropping season in Guangdong，China．