几个气候区木本植物的开花结果物候

FLOWERING AND FRUITING PHENOLOGIES OF THE WOODY PLANTS IN THREE FLORAS IN CHINA

摘要:

分析了我国海南和广东、秦岭、东北等不同森林气候区木本植物开花、结果物候以及果实和种子大小分布的规律。三个区系的开花、结果物候和种子、果实大小分布，都有类似的格局。但随着纬度的升高，一年中植物开花和结果的时间更加集中，海南和广东整年都有木本植物开花，秦岭有10个月左右，而东北仅有7个月。并且随着纬度升高，开花高峰的时间较迟，而结果高峰的时间较早。在海南和广东，热带区系成分和温带区系成分的木本植物，一年中开花和结果物候格局是很一致的。三个区系木本植物的果实和种子大小分布的格局也是很相似的，但海南和广东植物果实和种子大小范围较大，较多样，随着纬度升高，果实和种子大小范围变小，较单调。三个区系木本植物最小的果实的大小都差不多，为0.1cm，但最小的种子的大小却很不相同，随着纬度的升高而增大，开花和结果物候与月均气温及降水量的相关性因不同的区系而不同．鼎湖山常见木本植物果熟期和气候因子的相关性比结果期更显著。

Abstract:

Flowering and fruiting phenologies, and fruit and seed dimensions were analysedfor the woody plants in the floras of Hainan -Guangdong , Qinling and North-east China.Similar seasonal patterns of flowering and fruiting phenologies were found among thewoody floras, although the flora at lower latitude had longer flowering and fruitingperiods in the year, and had a peak of flowering appearing earlier and a peak of fruitingappearing later than the flora at higher latitude. Frequency distributions of fruit and seed sizes also showed similar patterns，although the range of fruit and seed dimensions became narrower with the increase of latitude The smallest dimension of fruit (0.1 cm) was similar among the floras， but the smallest dimension of seed became bigger with the increase of latitude Relationships between the flowering and fruiting phenologies and the air temperature and rainfall were different among the floras．More obvious correlation was found between the fruit ripening and the climate factors than between fruiting phenology and the climate factors for the common woody plants in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve，Guangdong Province．