杂交水稻及其亲本光合特性的研究Ⅱ.功能叶片的希尔反应、光合磷酸化、ATP酶活性和ATP含量

STUDIES ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS IN RICE HYBRID PROGENIES AND THEIR PARENTS Ⅱ. HILL REACTION, PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION, ATPase ACTlVITY AND ATP CONTENT IN LEAVES

摘要:

研究了杂交水稻青优159（母本青A，父本R159）和广优四号（母本广A，父本青六矮）及其亲本功能叶片的希尔反应活性、光合磷酸化、ATP含量及ATP酶活性等。实验结果表明了两组杂交水稻功能叶片的希尔反应活性高于其亲本，其超亲优势分别为13．44％、13、93％，平均优势分别为26．44％、1774％；功能叶片的光合磷酸化活性亦有杂种优势，其超亲优势分别为21．35％、18．81％，平均优势分别为34．06％、22．71％；杂种F1的两种ATP酶（Cd++－ATP酶和Mg++－ATP酶）活性和叶组织中ATP含量均高于其亲本，亦表现出明显的杂种优势。另外从我们的试验结果中还可以见到，希尔反应活性、光合磷酸化活性、ATP酶活性及ATP含量与光合速率的大小有密切的正相关关系，说明这些生理生化特性可以作为高光合速率杂交水稻鉴别的指标。

Abstract:

Two hybrid rice Qingyou 159, Guangyou No.4 and their parents were used to study on the activities of Hill reaction and photophosphorylation, ATPase activity and ATP content. It was found that the activities of Hill reaction and photophosphorylation in leaves of both hybrids were much higher than those of their respective parents with marked heterobeltiosis and mid-parent heterosis, and showed significant positive correlation with photosynthetic rates. The activities of ATPase (Ca+ +-ATPase and Mg+ +-ATPase) and ATP content of leaves in both rice hybrids were much higher than those of their respective parents. Statistical analysis also showed that ATP content and activity of ATPase possessed marked heterobeltiosis and drid-parent heterosis, and were positive correlation with photosynthetic rates. These photosynthetic properties may be used as the indices of heterosis for rice hybrids of high photosynthetic rate.